Apadāna numbers provided in {fancy brackets} correspond to the BJTS edition, which contains more individual poems than does the PTS edition dictating the main numbering of this translation.↩

“One Umbrella-er”↩

pronounce as two syllables for chanting, to keep the meter↩

kujanti, lit., “they are making [their animal] sounds”↩

kokilā↩

haŋsā↩

abhikūjanti↩

vakā, Sinh. gloss vṛkayō, cognate with “wolf”↩

koka°, etymological cousin of vāka, vṛka, above, see RD↩

°taracchchayo, BJTS °taracchchakā, Sinh. gloss kara bānā (‘submissive” “bent over”) valassu, ↩

nādenti, lit., “make sounds”↩

lit., “on a bad mountain road”↩

reading enimigā with BJTS for PTS enī migā (“those deer/beasts”). PSI dict. defines eṇi as “a type of antelope” (Sinh. muva vargayak, “a type of deer”); RD, eṇi, s.v.: “a kind of antelope,” “°miga, the eṇi deer”↩

sarabhā, RD “a type of deer”↩

bheraṇḍakā, Sinh. gloss sivallu, pl. of sivalā, hivalā↩

sūkarā↩

nādenti, lit., “make sounds”↩

lit., “on a bad mountain road”↩

Uddālaka = Cassia fistula, Sinh. äsaḷa↩

the cchampaka (Sinh. sapu) tree is Magnolia champaca, formerly classified as michelia champaca. English names for the tree include Champak, Joy Perfume Tree, Yellow Jade Orchid Tree and Fragrant Himalayan Champaca. It was the Bodhi tree of the seventeenth Buddha of the Buddhavaṃsa, Atthadassi. It has highly fragrant cream to yellowish-colored blossoms.↩

pāṭali, Sinh. paḷol, Bignonia suaveolens, sterospermum suaveolens (Bignon.), trumpet-flower tree, the Bodhi Tree of Vipassi Buddha.↩

sindhuvārita,Vitex negundo, a.k.a. Horshoe vitex, Five-leaved chaste tree↩

atimutta = atimuttaka? RD: a plant, Gaertnera Racemosa = Hiptage, hiptage benghalensis, stout, high-climbing vine, now invasive species in Florida, scented pink-white flowers, medicinal uses. BJTS glosses Sinh. yohombu (Bot. Dict. = yohombu väla = yon tumba, an annual creeper, Trichodesma zeylanicum).↩

Jonesia Asoka, Saraca asoca, Sinh. diyaratmal↩

aṅkolaka, aṅkola, Alangium hexapetalum, a.k.a. sage-leaved alangium, Sinh. rukaṅguna↩

yūthikā = Sinh. sīnidda = jasminum auriculatum↩

BJTS glosses as satpeti däsaman = “hundred-petaled” saman piccchcha mal, a fragrant species of jasmine, Jasminum sambac. Note that at [3432] BJTS says vassika is (regular) däsaman.↩

or Bimbajāla, a flowering tree, Sinh. rat karavū, Phyllanthus indicus (Euphorb.), the Bodhi tree of Dhammadassi Buddha↩

kaṇṇikāra, kaṇikāra = Sinhala kinihiriya, Pterospermum acerifolium, produces a brilliant mass of yellow flowers; Engl. a.k.a. karnikar, bayur tree, maple-leaf bayur, caniyar (now archaic?), dinner-plate tree; Bodhi tree of Siddhattha Buddha.↩

nāga = Sinhala nā, ironwood, Mesua Ferrea Linn, Bodhi tree of Mangala, Sumana, Revata, Sobhita buddhas; national tree of Sri Lanka. It has brilliant, fragrant white flowers containing four petals each, as well as a red fruit eaten by birds.↩

sālā, shorea robusta↩

PTS salaḷā, BJTS saḷalā, BJTS Sinh.gloss = hora = “large timber tree yielding rezin and oil, Dipterocarpus zeylanicus (Dipterocarp.)” (Bot. dict.). RD says this is a tree with fragrant blossoms (which was the Bodhi Tree of Padumuttara Buddha, cf. above, #177, v. 1 [2133]). RD notes references to this tree atJ v.420; Bu ii.51= J i.13; Vv 355; VvA 162; Miln 338; M ii.184, and says it is Pinus Longiflis (now more commonly Pinus Longifolia), Indian Pine, indigenous to northern India, Pakistan, Himalayas, bearing brilliant clustered flowers in blue and other colors, with edible seeds.↩

Ajjuna (a.k.a. kakudha, Sinhala kumbuk gasa, kubuk, Terminalia arjuna) is an impressively large, shade-giving tree that thrives on the edges of tanks and lakes.↩

asana, Pentaptera tomentosa = a.k.a. crocodile-bark tree, Indian Laurel, silver grey wood, white chuglam. The Bodhi tree of Tissa Buddha. BJTS glosses as piyā gasa = bakmī = Sarcocephalus cordatus (Rubi.)↩

mahānāmā. Following BJTS Sinhala gloss as uk, sugarcane, Sacchcharum officinarum (Gram.)↩

sālā, shorea robusta↩

BJTS Sinhala gloss = puwaṅgu = rukgasa, Bot. Dict. “C. En [Ceylon endemic], a lofty tree, Myristica Horsfieldia (Myris.). It produces fragrant flowers and seeds from its trunk”↩

ambā, Magnifera indica↩

jambū, Sinh. damba, jambu, Syzygium samarangense↩

tilaka, BJTS glosses as madaṭa cf. botanical dictionary = madaṭiya, a tree which yields false yellow sandalwood, and seeds that are used as beads and a jeweler’s weight of about 1.25 troy ounce, adenanthera pavonina, coral bean tree a.k.a. Saga, Sagaseed tree, Red-bead tree, kolkriki↩

reading nimbā with BJTS (and PTS alt) for PTS nīpā, yellow cheesewood. Nimba (a.k.a. kosambha) is the neem or margosa tree, Azadirachta indica↩

BJTS gloss sal-kalaṇa, “beautiful sal”↩

asokā, Jonesia Asoka, Saraca asoca. Here BJTS glosses hō-palu, Bot Dict the name of several plants↩

kapitthā, Feronia elephantum, Sinh. divul, givul↩

kadamba (Sinh. koḷom) is Nauclea cordifolia = Neolamarckia cadamba, with orange-colored, fragrant blossoms↩

kaḍalī, Sinh. kesel↩

BJTS glosses vanamuŋ (jungle/wild mung) above; here the gloss is “the variety of grain called ṛṣimudga (khodahamu)”↩

harītakā, Sinh. araḷu, myrobalan, black- or chebulic myrobalan; Terminalia chebula. The list of fruits in this verse closely parallels that in TherAp #1, v. 33 [BJTS 168] above, but there the focus is on their flowers, not their fruits.↩

āmalakā, Sinh. nelli, emblic myrobalan, Indian gooseberry, a.k.a. Malacca tree, or amla; Phyllanthus emblica↩

ambā, Magnifera indica↩

jamnū, Sinh. damba, jambu, Syzygium samarangense↩

vibhīṭakā, Sinh. buḷu, Terminalia bellirica (sic bellerica), beleric myrobalan or bastard myrobalan. Together with myroblan proper (araḷu) and Indian gooseberry (nelli), bahera is one of the three myroblans upon which many Ayurvedic and Sinhala medicines are based; the dried nuts are typically pounded into powder which is then used in oils and other decoctions. Here, on the contrary, the reference is likely to the fresh fruit of these trees, which is also used in medicines and eaten (especially gooseberrry).↩

kola, Sinh. debara phala, Ziziphus Mauritania, Zyzyphus Jujuba, Indian jujube or Chinese apple.↩

bhallātakā, bhallī, badulla = semecarpus anacardium, Sinh. badulu↩

bellā, billaŋ = Aegle marmelos, Sinh. beli geḍiya, bael, bel, Bengal quince; bilva or vilva tree; also billā, beluvā↩

RD says this is a water-plant, a kind of lotus, referencing J iv.539; vi.47, 279, 564. Here BJTS glosses helmällen nohot diyakandarayen, “if not helmälla then diyakandara.” Helmälla = heḷmäli. This is also the gloss at [4231] andt [4313]; at [6332] the gloss is a straightforward helmäli = edible white water-lily, Nymphaea Lotus. But elsewhere BJTS gives different glosses: at [4007] BJTS glosses it as madāra tree [mountain-ebony, Bauhinia purpurea (Legum.)] and says the blossoms fell into the water from overhanging trees. BJTS gloss at [324] is “a water-born plant named Mandālā”. At [171] BJTS Sinh. gloss is taḍāgayangen, “from the moss,” following its reading of [170] “well fixed [in the mosses]”. Bot. Dict. taḍāga = sevela.↩

reading padumuppalakehi ccha with BJTS for PTS padumapphalakehi ccha (“and with pink lotuses and fruit” or “and with pink lotus fruits”.↩

opatta-kaṇṇikā↩

read pāṭhīna, Silurus Boalis, “a kind of shad” (RD); wikipedia gives “sheatfish,” related to catfish, includes all the siluridae. BJTS glosses peṭiyō↩

pāvusa, glossed as “large-mouth fish”, cf. pāgusa, patusa, BJTS glosses lūllu↩

reading valajā with BJTS, which treats it as a type of fish (Sinh. valayō), for PTS jalajā, lit., “water-born”, a generic word for “fish”.↩

muñja, more common as a kind of reed, also the name of a fish (BJTS glosses moddu), always in dvandva compound with rohita, “red-fish”↩

rohita, BJTS glosses reheru↩

viccharaŋ, moving around, traveling about↩

ketaka, Pandanus odoratissima, Sinhala väṭakē or väṭakeyiyā.↩

sappi, lit., ghee, clarified butter (gī tel)↩

jalasevitā, lit., “associating with water” “resorting to water”. Perhaps, “mixed with the water”? I take the meaning to be that the [white] sand is beautiful in juxtaposition with the [blue, clear] water.↩

reading opupphā with BJTS (and PTS alt.) for PTS opaṭṭā, for opattā (“with fallen leaves”)?↩

santi. BJTS reads senti (“are lying down” “are sleeping” “are behaving”)↩

jaṭābhārabharitā (PTS), jaṭābhārena bharitā (BJTS)↩

yugamattañ ccha pekkhantā, lit., “looking ahead the extent of a plough,” i.e., just a little, keeping their eyes on the ground in front of them↩

reading kāmabhoge anapekhā with BJTS (and PTS alt.) for PTS kāmagedhe anapekhā, “not looking at craving lust”↩

rajojalladharā, cf. above [4175], especially the note, and cf. the long note on [4174].↩

abhiññāpāramīpattā, lit., “attainers of perfection of the special knowledges”↩

sadā jhānasamappito,lit., “always endowed with meditative states or trances (jhānas)↩

lit., “the Blessed One”↩

lit., “came into my presence”↩

lit., “wanting to ask for the mantras”↩

reading Buddho with BJTS for the obvious typo in PTS, Būddho↩

tuṭṭhahaṭṭho, horripilating with delight↩

lit., “hoping to go into,” °antaragatāsayo↩

jaṭābhārabharitā (PTS), jaṭābhārena bharitā (BJTS)↩

lit., “the Blessed One”↩

lit., “umbrella”↩

ccharimo vattate bhavo↩